The Effects of the Multimedia, Modality, and Redundancy Principles in a Computer Based Environment on Adult Learners
Abstract: The current study examines the multimedia, modality, and redundancy principles in a computer-based environment with adult learners on learning and cognitive load measures. To this date, there is very little research examining these principles in a computer based environment with adult learners (Pastore, 2016). As a result, the current study sought to confirm and expand prior research by examining the multimedia principle in a computer based environment with adult learners on learning of high and low level knowledge. The results of both the low (factual) and high (problem solving) level learning tasks in this study confirmed the multimedia principle; however, learners presented duplicate text and narration or text with optional narration performed just as well as those with no duplication, indicating reverse redundancy.